近年来,我国林业掀起一股“杜仲热”。作为经济林树种,杜仲的叶、花、果及树皮均可入药,它也是上好的家具、工艺品用材。此外,杜仲的很多组织都富含杜仲胶,这种胶在耐腐蚀性、耐冲击性、耐磨性等方面优于目前大规模种植的天然橡胶和其他合成橡胶。然而,作为一种在我国分布十分广泛的绿化树种,杜仲在园林项目中的应用潜力还远未得以发挥。
杜仲是杜仲科杜仲属落叶乔木,该科仅1属1种,是我国特有的绿化树种。杜仲树体高大,最高可达20米,树干端直,枝叶茂密,树形展开,叶片碧绿,果实具翅,观绿期长,极少发生病虫害,具有很高的观赏性,可用做庭荫树、行道树、风景林等。
“杜仲是一种非常好的园林植物材料,但目前在绿化中的应用还远远不够。”园林设计师李金曾在浙江多家园林企业从事过植物设计工作,对此深有体会:“好几次设计中使用的杜仲未被甲方采纳。对这个树种认识不足是导致其没有被充分利用的最主要原因,很多人只将它作为造林树种或是药用材料。此外,杜仲用于造林绿化虽然历史悠久,但目前苗圃栽培还比较少,同规格批量化产品很难找到,导致一些园林设计师难以将其应用到设计方案之中。”
另外,杜仲用于园林绿化比其他植物还多了一个“看管问题”。因其是一种珍贵药材,难免会有人用刀子割取树皮、果实、枝条等。不久前,记者在参观千岛湖中心湖区景观飘带项目时,管理人员就诉苦该项目种植的一排杜仲被行人破坏,导致补种多次。
杜仲是一种适应性极强的树种,据资料显示,杜仲在我国除西藏、黑龙江、海南未见栽培外,大部分地区均可栽种。杜仲在不同的土壤和气候条件下均可生长,其主根长度可达一米多,侧根、支根也十分发达,因此抗旱、抗风能力均较强。同时,它还是资源节约型树种,十分节水耐旱。一旦遭受伤害,其休眠芽立刻萌动,生长出新枝叶。尽管目前园林应用数量不多,一些业内人士仍认为杜仲具有广阔的绿化前景,尤其是在未来几年城镇化中将大有用武之地。
本篇文章来源于河北定州天达苗圃www.tiandamp.com
原文链接:http://www.tiandamp.com/td/361.html
In recent years, China's forestry open a wave of eucommia ulmoides "hot". As economic forest tree species, eucommia ulmoides leaves, flowers, fruit, and bark can be used as a medicine, it is also a good furniture, handicraft materials. In addition, cortex eucommiae many organizations are rich in cortex eucommiae glue, the glue on the aspects such as corrosion resistance, impact resistance, abrasion resistance is better than that of the large-scale cultivation of natural rubber and other synthetic rubber. However, as a kind of greening tree species is widely distributed in China, the potential applications of eucommia ulmoides in garden project is far from to be able to play.
Eucommia bark of eucommia ulmoides eucommiaceae deciduous trees, the division only 1 species, 1 is characteristic of the greening tree species in China. Gutta percha tree tall body, up to 20 meters, end straight trunk, branches and leaves thick, tree, leaf is green, fruit wings, green period is long, rare plant diseases and insect pests, has the very high ornamental, can be used as shade trees, trees, scenic, etc.
Eucommia ulmoides "is a very good garden plant material, but the application in the greening is not enough." Garden designer Li Jinceng plants in zhejiang many landscape companies engaged in design work, have the least: "several times in the design of the use of eucommia ulmoides was not adopted by party a. Poor understanding of the tree is the main reason, it is not make full use of a lot of people just use it as a forestation tree species or medicinal materials. In addition, eucommia bark used for afforestation, although has a long history, but the nursery cultivation is less, mass products are hard to find the same specification, lead to some garden designer is difficult to apply it to the design plan."
In addition, eucommia bark used for landscaping is one more than other plants "watch problem". Because it is a kind of precious medicinal materials, hard to avoid can someone with a knife cut in the bark, fruit, branches, etc. Recently, the reporter is in the center of the visit qiandao lake lake landscape ribbon project, managers would complain the project planted a row of eucommia ulmoides destroyed by pedestrians, lead to reseed.
Eucommia bark is a kind of strong adaptability of tree species, according to data shows, eucommia ulmoides in China except Tibet, heilongjiang, hainan no cultivation, most parts can be planted. Eucommia ulmoides in different soil and climate conditions are growth, its taproot length can reach more than a metre, lateral root, root is also very rich, so drought resistance, wind resistance ability are strong. At the same time, it is also a conservation-minded tree species, water-saving drought-resistant. Once suffered damage, its latent bud immediately stirring, grow new leaves. Although the small garden application, some in the industry still believe greening of eucommia ulmoides has a broad prospect, especially the scope for urbanization will be in the coming years.
This article from the hebei I day nursery, www.tiandamp.com
The original link: http://www.tiandamp.com/td/361.html